My English Notebook

it과 that의 차이

Feb. 28th, 2010 at 12:12 AM

it와 that은 문장 전체로부터 문구까지 받습니다만, 다음의 차이가 있습니다. Michael Swan, Practical English Usage에서 나오는 설명입니다.

" that/this와 it은 전에 말하거나 쓰인 것들을 다시 언급할 때 쓰이는데, 그 구분이 언제나 명확한 것은 아닙니다만 대략 다음을 따릅니다.

1. 언급된 것

it은 특별한 강조의 의미가 없습니다.
- So she dicided t paint her house pink. It upset the neighbours(영국책이니까 이렇게 썼지 미국책이면 neighbors) a bit.
반면에 this와 that은 '재미있는 새로운 사실이 언급되었던 경우'에 씁니다.
- So she decided to paint her house pink. This/That really upset the neighbours, as you can imagine.
( this와 that은 호환해서 쓰입니다만 뒤에 계속해서 설명할 문장이 더 있을 때 보통 this가 쓰입니다)

* 질문의 앞 두 예문은 바로 이 경우입니다.

2. 마지막으로 언급된 것

두 가지 이상이 언급되었을 때, it은 보통 토론의 주제를 의미하는 반면, this/that은 마지막으로 언급한 사항을 가리킵니다.
- We keep the ice-cream machine in the spare room. It is mainly used by the children, incidentally. (애들이 아이스크림 기계를 사용함)
- We keep the ice-cream machine in the spare room. This/That is mainly used by the children. (애들이 여분의 방을 사용함)

3. 초점

it은 이미 초점이 맞추어진 것(이미 말해진 것)을 지시하는데 반해, this는 새로운 것을 도입하며 초점을 맞추는 경우에도 사용합니다.
- I enjoyed "집으로(Homeward-bound)". It is a film for all the family. (이 경우에 it은 This/That으로 바꾸어도 됩니다)
- "Homeward-bound": This is a film for all the family. (이 경우 it은 어색합니다)

4. 앞으로 나올 것을 지칭할 때는 it은 쓸 수 없고 this만 쓰임.
- Now what do you think about this, I thought I'd get a job in ... "

* 그런데 질문의 마지막 예문에서(The climate of Seoul is like that of New York)의 that은 지시대명사로서 명사의 반복(문장 전체를 받는 것이 아님)을 피하기 위해 쓰고, 복수일 경우는 those를 씁니다. one이나 it은 여기 오면 틀립니다. one이 못오는 이유는 복수형인 ones를 써도 뜻이 통해야 되는데 여기서 two populations( = ones) 같은 표현이 성립할 수 없기 때문이고, it이 안되는 이유는 it 자체가 막연한 상태, 사정을 가리키는 것이라서 뒤에 of ~ 라는 구가 올 수 없기 때문입니다(it of New York은 도대체 뉴욕의 무엇을 가리키는지 불분명한 비문. 따라서 명확한 that을 씀)

출처 : http://kin.naver.com/qna/detail.nhn?d1id=11&dirId=11080302&docId=52404180&qb=dGhhdCBpdCDssKjsnbQ=&enc=utf8&section=kin&rank=3&sort=0&spq=1&pid=fGCkQloi5UlssbL/yGKsss--091591&sid=S4kERsbfiEsAAAGWBqE

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Criminal Minds 5 x 15

Feb. 12th, 2010 at 5:55 PM

preserve
Can I have some of that?
communion
He's a decorated war hero.
carotid
religious agenda
under a sink in the men's room at a restaurant
tablecloth
jug wine
laundromat
All three had their throats slashed.
all over the place
compunction
hard to fault the witnesses
What bothers me is the cooling off period is getting shorter and shorter with no attempt to hide who he is or what he's doing.
Gunds assure the highest number of fatalities.
quantity
dry run
rampage
Most spree killers have lost control by the time they begin.
dissolution
if he's practicing for his mass murder, he' definitely getting bolder about it.
Right now, the shock and awe of the bloodletting seems to be what he's going for.
That makes sense with regards to his fantasy life.
Reid and I will run point from the police station.
Ash Wednesday
I believe there'll be information there that may determine where the UnSub will strike next.
Any idea on where he may hit next?
He chooses his victims not out of preference
sesame
globetrotter
strictly
The circumstances of his death has caused this to be a media circus.
Let's walk through the mass.
You know most of your parishioner on sight?
Then let yourself off the hook.
discard
The same is true for all the crime scenes.
Which means you're smart enough to plan for that in you attacks.
by the presence of a knife that a gun
comply
landmark
Probably the manifestation of a deep hatred for the city.
He wants to scar the places everybody knows and goes to.
Not quite.
outcry
You're too good at this not to be a mom.
spectacle
quell
gratification
pillar
By picking locales wit the highest visibility,
reinforce
hydrangea
Pay particular attention to onlooker who might be more interested in the scene itself than the victim.
And get photographs of everyone.
Am I making this deal for full access?
attribute
Leave us out of it.
Establish a perimeter around the market.
We profiled that he was mission-oriented,
departure
he's out prowling the streets right now
rally
lie low
If so, then he's found something new to get off on.
comrade
I have amassed employment records for police hangouts.
so he could collect on the insurance
We poured one out for Liddy.
disparage
create an event he can't resist coming to.
facilitate
candlelight vigil
berth

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Criminal Minds 5 x 14

Feb. 10th, 2010 at 8:56 AM

lay it on thick
prospectus
fillet
Out of all my cases, this guy was never flagged as top priority.
con artist
The complaint ended up on Goldman's desk.
at length
I told her to cease all communications
set up a sting
but for her to be murdered the night that we spoke, I don't think it was a coincidence.
Madoff
To give you an idea of how convincing he is, this is a sampling of his work going back 14 years.
If he's spiraling, he's a danger to everyone around him.
free up her money
come down to
accumulate
backstop
it's difficult to keep the names straight.
juggle
If his memory is strained, it could be causing him to lose control.
We have the current aliases.
it's always been a challenge with fraud victims to be totally forthcoming.
They're so embarrassed about being duped,
The UnSub got that close to getting his money,
unhinge
transgression
She's pretty beat up over it.
It didn't really pan out.
meditative
expand
The money has dried up here.
stress out
embody
Machiavellianism
aberrant self-promotion
He manipulates and exploits others using dishonest tactics
he's become a menace to society
I don't want to move forward.
I can guarantee your money.
exotic
They value their offspring as an extension of themselves and it also feeds their narcissistic ego.
Let that be a lesson
start over
Just hang out here for a sec.
His fracturing is intensifying.
I feel like I've been sent on a wild snipe hunt.
elusive
you were hell-bent on moving us immediately.
I found a way to make it happen.
I know she recently came into more money.
They sold the house and she got a pretty good sum for it.
Wasn't the first victime in real estate?
property
Lists compiled by lead brokers and sold to the real estate companies.
spreadsheet
He used Carla to get her leads.
Father on birth certificate listed as William Hodges.
Do you know you pick your nails when you're anxious?
I've never been in a bureau car chasing a killer before.
That's him calling.
Principal says that J.D Hodges was pulled out of class 45 minutes ago.
If she was, he'd use her in the con.
I provide everything for my family.
I wouldn't put it past him to hurt his own family. (put it past a person to do, wouldn't put it past a person to do)
Put your hands in the air.
You're going to be interviewed in detail.
That was justified shot.